Servo motor encoder is the core feedback element in the servo system, used for real-time detection of the motor's speed, position, angle and other parameters, and feedback signals to the controller (such as servo drive) to form a closed-loop control, to ensure that the motor movement accuracy and stability. （Selecting high-precision, high-reliability encoders, such as YASKAWA, Nidec, Mitsubishi brand servo motor encoders, can significantly improve system performance!）

The core role includes:

Position feedback: determine the absolute or relative position of the motor shaft.

Speed feedback: monitor the motor speed to realize speed closed-loop control.

Direction recognition: determine the direction of motor rotation.

What Are the Signs of a Faulty Servo Motor Encoder?

Difficulty or failure in motor startup

Jerking or vibration during operation

Fluctuating speed or noticeable deviation

Reduced positioning accuracy, failure to reach target position

Increased noise or abnormal sounds during operation

Overheating or abnormal temperature rise

Motor current exceeding the rated value

Encoder signal issues, such as signal loss or interference

How to determine servo motor encoder failure?

When a problem with the servo motor encoder is suspected, the following steps can be taken to check it:

(1) Appearance check: check the appearance of the encoder for obvious physical damage, such as scratches, collisions or breakage. Pay particular attention to checking the encoder's connection points and fixing screws to ensure that they are not loose or damaged.

(2) Connection check: Check that the encoder's connectors and connecting wires are properly connected. Make sure that the connections are firm and that there are no loose or broken plugs or connectors.

(3) Signal detection: Use an oscilloscope or multi-purpose tester to detect the signal output from the encoder. Check that the signals are output as expected according to the encoder specifications and documentation provided by the manufacturer. This can be done by checking that phase A and phase B signals and index signals (if any) are present, and that their frequency and amplitude are normal.

(4) Angle Detection: Using a device such as a rotor angle detector or encoder analyzer, check that the angle of the encoder output matches the actual motion. Compare the angle of the encoder output with the angle of the actual motion to determine if there is any deviation or inaccuracy.

(5) Cleaning and inspection: If the encoder's output signal is unstable or noisy, it may be caused by dirt or dust on the encoder's optoelectronic devices or other sensor parts. Clean the encoder surface and sensor parts regularly to ensure proper operation.

(6) Exchange test: If possible, try to replace the currently used encoder with another encoder that is known to be normal. Observe if the problem is resolved to determine if the encoder is the cause of the failure.

Rico supplies top famous brands Servo systems - YASKAWA servo motors, YASKAWA servopack, YASKAWA encoders, also other brands SICK, Nidec, Mitsubishi, Panasonic, FANUC, HEIDENHAIN, INOVANCE, etc. 

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